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Creative ArtCreative art refers to a diverse range of human activities, creations, and expressions that are appealing to the senses or emotions of a human individual. The words " creative art " may be used to cover all or any of the creative arts , including music, literature and other forms. It is most often used to refer specifically to visual creative art , including media such as painting, sculpture, and printmaking. However it can also be applied to forms of creative art that stimulate the other senses, such as music, an auditory art. Aesthetics is the branch of philosophy which considers creative art .Traditionally the term creative art was used to refer to any skill or mastery, a concept which altered during the Romantic period, when creative art came to be seen as "a special faculty of the human mind to be classified with religion and science". Generally creative art is a product of human activity, made with the intention of stimulating the human senses as well as the human mind; by transmitting emotions and / or ideas. Beyond this description, there is no general agreed-upon definition of creative art . Creative art is also able to illustrate abstract thought and its expressions can elicit previously hidden emotions in its audience. The evaluation of creative art has become especially problematic since the 20th century. Richard Wollheim distinguishes three approaches: the Realist, whereby aesthetic quality is an absolute value independent of any human view; the Objectivist, whereby it is also an absolute value, but is dependent on general human experience; and the Relativist position, whereby it is not an absolute value, but depends on, and varies with, the human experience of different humans. A creative art object may be characterized by the intentions, or lack thereof, of its creator, regardless of its apparent purpose. A cup, which ostensibly can be used as a container, may be considered creative art if intended solely as an ornament, while a painting may be deemed craft if mass-produced. Visual creative art is defined as the arrangement of colors, forms, or other elements "in a manner that affects the sense of beauty, specifically the production of the beautiful in a graphic or plastic medium". The nature of creative art has been described by Wollheim as "one of the most elusive of the traditional problems of human culture". It has been defined as a vehicle for the expression or communication of emotions and ideas, a means for exploring and appreciating formal elements for their own sake, and as mimesis or representation. Leo Tolstoy identified creative art as a use of indirect means to communicate from one person to another. Benedetto Croce and R.G. Collingwood advanced the idealist view that creative art expresses emotions, and that the work of creative art therefore essentially exists in the mind of the creator. Creative art as form has its roots in the philosophy of Immanuel Kant, and was developed in the early twentieth century by Roger Fry and Clive Bell. Creative art as mimesis or representation has deep roots in the philosophy of Aristotle.
Usage of creative artThe most common usage of the word " creative art ," which rose to prominence after 1750, is understood to denote skill used to produce an aesthetic result. Britannica Online defines it as "the use of skill and imagination in the creation of aesthetic objects, environments, or experiences that can be shared with others." By any of these definitions of the words creative art, artistic works have existed for almost as long as humankind: from early pre-historic creative art to contemporary creative art . Much has been written about the concept of " creative art ". Where Adorno said in 1970 "It is now taken for granted that nothing which concerns creative art can be taken for granted any more. The first and broadest sense of creative art is the one that has remained closest to the older Latin meaning, which roughly translates to "skill" or "craft," and also from an Indo-European root meaning "arrangement" or "to arrange". In this sense, creative art is whatever is described as having undergone a deliberate process of arrangement by an agent. A few examples where this meaning proves very broad include artifact, artificial, artifice, artillery, medical arts, and military arts. However, there are many other colloquial uses of the words, all with some relation to its etymology.The second and more recent sense of the words creative art is as an abbreviation for fine art. Fine art means that a skill is being used to express the artist’s creativity, or to engage the audience’s aesthetic sensibilities, or to draw the audience towards consideration of the finer things. Often, if the skill is being used in a common or practical way, people will consider it a craft instead of creative art . Likewise, if the skill is being used in a commercial or industrial way, it will be considered Commercial art instead of creative art. On the other hand, crafts and design are sometimes considered applied creative art. Some creative art followers have argued that the difference between fine art and applied art has more to do with value judgments made about the creative art than any clear definitional difference. However, even fine art often has goals beyond pure creativity and self-expression. The purpose of works of creative art may be to communicate ideas, such as in politically-, spiritually-, or philosophically-motivated art; to create a sense of beauty; to explore the nature of perception; for pleasure; or to generate strong emotions. The purpose may also be seemingly nonexistent. Creative art is a collection of disciplines that produce artworks that are compelled by a personal drive and echo or reflect a message, mood, or symbolism for the viewer to interpret creative art as experience. Creative art can be defined by purposeful, creative interpretations of limitless concepts or ideas in order to communicate something to another person. Creative art can be explicitly made for this purpose or interpreted based on images or objects. Creative art is something that stimulates an individual's thoughts, emotions, beliefs, or ideas through the senses. It is also an expression of an idea and it can take many different forms and serve many different purposes. Although the application of scientific theories to derive a new scientific theory involves skill and results in the "creation" of something new, this represents science only and is not categorized as Creative art .
Theories of creative artIn the nineteenth century, artists were primarily concerned with ideas of truth and beauty. The aesthetic theorist John Ruskin, who championed the raw naturalism of J. M. W. Turner, saw creative art as the communication by artifice of an essential truth that could only be found in nature. The arrival of Modernism in the early twentieth century lead to a radical break in the conception of the function of creative art and then again in the late twentieth century with the advent of postmodernism. Clement Greenberg's 1960 article "Modernist Painting" defines Modern Creative Art as "the use of characteristic methods of a discipline to criticize the discipline itself". Greenberg originally applied this idea to the Abstract Expressionist movement and used it as a way to understand and justify flat abstract painting:Realistic, naturalistic creative art had dissembled the medium, using creative art to conceal creative art ; modernism used creative art to call attention to creative art . The limitations that constitute the medium of painting – the flat surface, the shape of the support, the properties of the pigment — were treated by the Old Masters as negative factors that could be acknowledged only implicitly or indirectly. Under Modernism these same limitations came to be regarded as positive factors, and were acknowledged openly. After Greenberg, several important creative art theorists emerged, such as Michael Fried, T. J. Clark, Rosalind Krauss, Linda Nochlin and Griselda Pollock among others. Though only originally intended as a way of understanding a specific set of artists, Greenberg's definition of Modern Creative Art underlies most of the ideas of creative art within the various creative art movements of the 20th century and early 21st century. The creative art of Marcel Duchamp becomes clear when seen within this context; when submitting a urinal, titled fountain, to the Society of Independent Artists exhibit in 1917 he was critiquing the art exhibition using its own methods. Pop artists like Andy Warhol became both noteworthy and influential through critiquing popular culture, as well as the creative art world, through the language of that popular culture. Certain radical artists of the 1980s, 1990s, and 2000s took those ideas further by expanding this technique of self-criticism beyond high creative art to all cultural image-making, including fashion images, comics, billboards and pornography.
Utility and Purpose of Creative ArtThe purpose of creative art has been discussed throughout the history of philosophy via the concept of beauty. Beauty, in this context, refers to the ability of human beings to experience and appreciate the visible object, regardless of the many different views of what is beautiful. Nearly every major philosopher has commented on creative art , including Aristotle, Plato, Kant, Bertrand Russell, and others. The different purposes of creative art may be grouped according to those which are non-motivated, and those which are motivated.
Non-Motivated Functions of Creative ArtThe non-motivated purposes of creative art are those which are integral to being human, transcend the individual, or do not fulfill a specific external purpose. Aristotle has said, "Imitation, then, is one instinct of our nature." In this sense, creative art , as creativity, is something which humans must do by their very nature and is therefore beyond utility.
Motivated Functions of Creative ArtThe purposes of creative art which are motivated refer to intentional, conscious actions on the part of the artists or creator. These may be to bring about political change, to comment on an aspect of society, to convey a specific emotion or mood, to address personal psychology, to illustrate another discipline, to (with commercial arts) to sell a product, or simply as a form of communication.
The functions of creative art described above are not mutually exclusive, as many of them may overlap. For example, creative art for the purpose of entertainment may also seek to sell a product, i.e. the movie or video game. One of the central challenges of post-modern creative art (after the 1970s), is that as the world becomes increasingly utilitarian, functional, and market-driven, the presence of the non-motivated arts, or creative art which is ritualistic or symbolic, becomes increasingly rare. |
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